Layer-by-layer self-assembled nickel oxide/graphene stacks immobilized modified graphite electrode towards amperometric determination of pyridoxine

In this work, an effortless self-assembled layer-by-layer (LBL) technique is utilized for the preparation of well-aligned nickel oxide sandwiched graphene (NiOSG) stacks through electrostatic attraction. A novel non-enzymatic method for pyridoxine determination has been developed using an electrode modified with NiOSG stacks as the sensing material. The successful formation of densely packed NiOSG stacks was confirmed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The NiOSG stack-modified electrode demonstrated significant electrocatalytic activity for the pyridoxine oxidation in 0.1 M KOH solution, as observed through electroanalytical method. Under optimal conditions, the oxidation peak current exhibited a linear correlation with pyridoxine concentration ranging from 8.3 μM to 1.6 mM, with a detection limit of 2.7 μM. The NiOSG stack-modified electrode provides benefits including simple preparation, high sensitivity, and excellent stability for pyridoxine detection. Its performance as an amperometric sensor in dynamic systems was evaluated through amperometric studies, and its practical use was confirmed with drug samples. Furthermore, the NiOSG stack-modified electrode demonstrated outstanding long-term stability.