A Preliminary Study on Phytochemical Screening, Proximate Analysis and Anti-Bacterial Activities of Andrographis paniculata Seed Extract

A preliminary investigation was done to screen the phytochemical contents and to find out the proximate
composition and antibacterial activity of Andrographis paniculata seeds. Standard analytical procedures were
followed and four different solvent extractions were done. Qualitative phytochemical screening of Andrographis
paniculata seeds showed the presence of important phytochemical compounds in methanol seed extract viz.,
Flavonoids, Saponins, Tannins, Phenolic compounds, Terpenoids and Glycosides. Chloroform, ethyl acetate and
methanol extracts reported the presence of tannins, Phenols and terpenoids. Flavonoids were present in
chloroform and methanol extracts. The hexane extract did not show positive for any of the tests. Alkaloids was
found to be absent in all the solvent extracts. Further, tannin concentration was found to be in high in methanol
extract in comparison to other solvent extracts. Proximate composition recorded methanol extractive value of
about 57.75% and was higher than water extractive value (46.23%). The moisture content of the crude drug was
found to be 21.40% and foaming index was < 100%. Antibacterial activity was studied by assessing the
minimum inhibitory concentration of methanol extract for bacterial strains. The MIC values of Salmonella typhi
59, Vibrio cholera and Shigellaboydii 8 was found to be 100 μg/ml and for Bacillus licheniformis and Staphylococcus aureus, MIC was found to be 10μg/ml. The preliminary investigation suggests that Andrographis paniculata seed extract have a rich profile of phytochemicals with significant proximate composition and good antibacterial activity. The findings can be taken as an initiative step for finding out the promising agents responsible for its phytochemical and antibacterial activities. This could further pave way to the research with respect to antioxidant studies of Andrographispaniculata seeds.