Significance of Clinical Laboratory Values as early indicators of Myocardial Infarction-A Retrospective Study.

Purpose: The aim of the study is to determine the significance of assessment of various clinical laboratory
parameters as the early indicators of myocardial infarction (MI) in diabetic, hypertensive and hyperlipidemic patients with asymptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD). Materials/Methods: This retrospective study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital during the period of June 2015 to Sep 2015. Medical records of 110 MI patients who had diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidemia admitted during the period of 2012 to 2014 were collected and analysed. The laboratory parameters such as blood pressure (BP), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), blood sugar and lipid profile values were collected from the case sheets of the MI patients 3 months before the occurrence of MI. Results: The average age group of the study population was found to be 63.16±13.89 years. 80.91% Of the patients were male and 19.09% were female. Most of the patients were overweight (39.09%) and had significant social habits such as smoking (51.82%), alcoholic (37.27%) and tobacco use (16.36%). Elevated levels of BP, total cholesterol, triglycerides (TGLs), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), fasting blood glucose (FBG), random blood glucose (RBG), post prandial blood glucose (PPBG) and HbA1c were seen in the study group. Conclusion: Thus BP, HbA1c, blood sugar and lipid profiles were elevated in these high risk patients 3 months before the occurrence of MI. Henceforth these clinical parameters can be used as a prognostic marker in assessing the cardiac risk of developing MI in diabetic, hypertensive and hyperlipidemic patients with asymptomatic CAD.