NANOTHERANOSTICS FOR CANCER THERAPY AND DETECTION: STRATEGIES, PROMISES AND IMPEDIMENTS

Cancer is responsible for a significant portion of disease-related death worldwide. In
pathological words, cancer is described as the uncontrolled rapid multiplication of
aberrant cells that can subsequently infiltrate into new locations. Malignant tumors
with metastatic potential are the most common cause of cancer-related morbidity and
so attract the most interest from scientists and researchers around the world. While
new treatment and diagnostic procedures have significantly increased the survival rate
of cancer patients, a complete cure remains improbable. Theranostic (combination
of therapy and diagnostics) has developed as a cutting-edge strategy for cancer management, offering a two-pronged advantage. Nanoparticle can be tailored to develop
theranostic capabilities resulting in nanotheranostics agents. Nanotheranostics hold
enormous potential since they combine non-invasive disease detection and treatment
with the exciting possibility of monitoring medication release and distribution in real time, anticipating and evaluating the therapy effectiveness. The clinical application of nanotheranostics would allow for earlier disease detection and treatment, as well as earlier response assessment, allowing for the screening of individuals who might respond to therapy and have a better chance of a positive outcome. This article discusses various nanotheranostics and their most recent developments in the fight against cancer.