Formulation and Evaluation of Ganciclovir Niosomes by Box–Behnken Experiment Design

SUMMARY. By using Box-Behnken Design, the current study intends to create and assess Ganciclovir niosomes. By employing the non-ionic surfactant Span 60, the charge inducer diacetyl phosphate, and cholesterol, stable Ganciclovir-loaded niosomes can be created. To study and optimize the primary effects, interaction effects, and quadratic effects of the formulation ingredients on the functionality of the niosomes, a total
of 17 formulations with the aforementioned concentrations were produced using a three-factor, three-level
Box-Behnken design. Initial Preformulation and drug excipient compatibility investigations were conducted,
and the findings guided the formulation process moving forward. The majority of vesicles have spherical
shapes, and their sizes fall within a certain range. The vesicles created by the thin film hydration approach
can contain a significant amount of Ganciclovir (74.96 - 87.37%). The concentration of non-ionic surfactants
and charge inducers may have an impact on how drugs are released from all formulations. Comparing the in
vitro release of Ganciclovir from niosomes to that from a pure Ganciclovir solution, the in vitro release was
extremely slow and sustained a prolonged release. The niosomal formulation was stable, according to drug
release experiments. In all formulations, drug release was almost constant, indicating a zero order release
pattern.