Nanotechnology in Parkinson's Disease - A Review

Parkinson's Disease is considered as a neurodegenerative disorder and is identified by the deterioration of the
motor functions due to loss of the dopamine releasing neurons. Due to this dementia occurs which is
characterised by forgetfulness and impairment in cognitive abilities. The effectiveness, cellular penetration and
transport of drugs to the target organs, tissues or cells is the main hindrance in the diagnosis and the treatment of
this disorder. The main obstacle in the drug delivery system is the presence of blood brain barrier which checks
the penetration of drugs and causes side effects. Nanoparticle eases the drug delivery to the central nervous
system via blood brain barrier against the conventional drug delivery. Nanotechnology interact at a molecular
level with the biological system and revolutionize the treatment by stimulating, responding to, and interacting
with target sites to induce physiological responses while minimizing side effects. This review focuses on current
applications of nanomaterials in the therapy and diagnosis of the most common neurodegenerative disorder and
highlights the future nanotechnological approaches.