Myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury – A review

Myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury leads to the development of myocar- dial infarction and cardiovascular disease. Death due to these diseases is increasing at a high rate. Tissue damage due to ischemia and reperfusion results in the development of the above-mentioned diseases in heart. Dur- ing prolonged ischemia, various physiological changes such as a decrease in ATP levels and intracellular pH occur due to dysfunction of ATP ase, and accumulation of lactate in myocardial tissue. The consequences of these reactions include increased accumulation of mitochondrial calcium, fol- lowed by cell swelling and death. Due to NF-kappa-B signal pathway acti- vation and severe Cx43 degradation, a serious myocardial infarction occurs after ischemia/reperfusion injury. Knowledge related to the mechanism of ischemia-reperfusion injury and its related treatments is important. This review explains the prevalence, risk factors, mechanism, modern medicine and traditional medicine for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Numer- ous medicinal plants have been scientiβically evaluated for cardioprotective activity. Herbs that have been reported to exhibit therapeutic potency against
Ischemic reperfusion injury are discussed in detail. There are a lot of diseases that are caused due to ischemic perfusion injury and end up in a signiβicant
rise in the rate of mortality. The details about ongoing research related to new drug development against myocardial ischemic perfusion injury are discussed here.