A secured IoT parking system based on smart sensor communication with two-step user verification

Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled smart applications, which are considered essential in today’s computerized world, are
improving the quality of life in both urban and rural environments through their efficient services. Cloud-based IoT can
communicate with a physical object having various sensors (including IR, accelerometer, and ultrasonic sensors) to
access required information. Automobile manufacturers, who explore the features of vehicles and implement them in a
way that is useful to their customers, are increasingly interested in IoT applications, as they help to deliver more
sophisticated and useful products. Therefore the number of vehicle users is constantly increasing day by day.
Traffic congestion is usually caused by two main reasons: (1) increased use of vehicles and (2) lack of proper parking in
congested areas. IoT devices are now being used in many real-time applications, such as medical care, agriculture, as
well as transportation and other industrial uses, and the emerging technology of the IoT can also offer solutions to
many congestion problems, using the Arduino
microcontroller and sensors.
In some cases, if a vehicle is not parked properly in the parking lot, traffic may be congested due to incorrect
information provided by the system. Typically, in a smart system, IoT sensors and
radio frequency identification (RFID)
are trusted to monitor traffic in a parking area and are also used to check whether a vehicle is in a particular slot. The
most important function of RFID tags is to read the information when the vehicle enters the parking area; data storage
and update can then be handled automatically at the exit, allocating new space for other vehicles looking for a spot, as
requested.
Of course, the IoT offers many benefits to improve quality of life. However, smart vehicles make use of much
confidential and restricted information to operate their smart system. Due to the smart structure, this data can be
easily monitored by third parties. Therefore this chapter addresses three key issues related to automated parking
systems, namely: (a) detecting parking availability; (b) traffic reduction; and (c) data security management. To
overcome the problems and mitigate the security issue, we have proposed a secure parking
detection algorithm called
e-VirtualParking to search for a smart parking slot using RFID and Arduino. Furthermore, this chapter also discusses the
role of WSN and cryptography in tackling the security issue of secure data management.