Heat Transfer Applications of Nanofluids: Current Trends and Future Directions

Nanofluids, a class of engineered colloidal suspensions, have emerged as
promising candidates for enhancing heat transfer in various applications.
This paper presents a comprehensive review of the current trends and
future directions in the utilization of nanofluids for heat transfer
enhancement. It covers recent advancements in nanofluid synthesis,
characterization, and application across diverse fields such as electronics
cooling, heat exchangers, solar thermal systems, and biomedical devices.
The review also discusses key challenges and opportunities for future
research, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary collaboration and
innovative approaches to realize the full potential of nanofluids in thermal
management. The utilization of nanofluids in heat transfer applications