Technological Advancements and the Evolution of HRM Practices in the 21st Century

Technological advancements have transformed Human Resource Management (HRM) into a strategic, data-driven, and technology-integrated function. The chapter examines the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), cloud-based Human Resource Information Systems (HRIS), and HR Analytics on HRM practices. It explores how digital transformation has enhanced recruitment efficiency, employee engagement, learning management, and performance monitoring, while also introducing challenges related to data security, digital ethics, and skill obsolescence. The study concludes that HR professionals must develop digital competencies, align HR strategies with technology, and embrace analytics for evidence-based decision-making.