Integrated Approaches for Pulse Beetle Control with Emphasis on Essential Oils

A Legumes crops make up 50% of a humans daily diet which contain 25% of the protein and
enzymes that humans require to complete their nutritional diet. The responsible output of pulses
in India in 2024–2025 is 25 M t, with green gram contributing 3.82 M t, or 70% of the world's
total. By N fixing nature, it will improves soil nutrition factors during cropping (PrinceSahu et
al.,2023). However, abiotic and biotic stressors, particularly pests like podflies, pod borer,
aphids, whiteflies, pulse beetles, and thrips, will still have an impact on its output. Depending
on the area, such as temperate or tropical, C. chinensis can cause anywhere from 68.9% to
100% damage during storage under ideal conditions (Rajendra,et al.,2023). For the upcoming
planting seasons, almost all farmers keep a quantity of pulse seeds in their farm house [3].
There are twenty different species of Callosobruchus in the world, and two common species
that produce gram that is unfit for human food due to their damage are Callosobruchus
maculatus Fab and Calllosobruchus chinensis Linn (Rajendra,et al.,2023). Similar to legumes,
it causes erratic loss and harm to green grams that are preserved. Several papers suggest
methods such as putting grains or pulses in the sun on a regular basis, combining them with
sand or ash, or covering them with cooking oil. (Chaudhari et al.,2021).