FISHING IN TROUBLED WATERS: A COMPARATIVE REVIEW OF ETHICS AND GOVERNANCE FOR SUSTAINABLE FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA AND SRI LANKA

ABSTRACT: The Palk Strait, a shared marine ecosystem between India and Sri Lanka, epitomizes the complex challenges of fisheries governance and ethics in trans boundary waters. Despite the ecological richness and socio-economic importance of this region, conflicting national laws, governance approaches, and competing fishing practices have led to recurrent tensions between the two nations. This review critically examines the legal frameworks, governance mechanisms, and ethical considerations that shape fisheries management in India and Sri Lanka, highlighting points of convergence and divergence. While both countries recognize the imperative of sustainable fisheries development, their differing priorities and enforcement capacities have contributed to persistent conflicts, threatening both ecological sustainability and the livelihoods of coastal communities. The study underscores the need for harmonized policies and cooperative governance models that balance conservation goals with social justice, fostering long-term sustainability and peace in the Palk Strait region.
Keywords: Palk Strait, India-Srilanka, Fishing Ethics, Ethical Governance, Sustainable Development,