Rare monosaccharides from marine macroalgae: occurrence, biosynthesis, and biotechnological insights

Seaweeds are rich in bioactive compounds, and in recent years, their distinctive polysaccharide content which includes rare sugars with possible industrial uses has drawn
a lot of attention. In order to shed light on the structural diversity and biotechnological significance of rare sugars, this review investigates their occurrence and biosynthesis in seaweeds. Understanding the presence of rare sugars in these marine organisms begin with a thorough analysis of the biosynthetic pathways involved in their formation. The
study highlights the use of precise structural characterization in the identification and quantification of rare sugars by outlining sophisticated analytical techniques. It also addresses the difficulties in the extraction and purification procedures, emphasizing
the necessity of scalable and financially feasible techniques for industrial production. Biotechnological understanding of rare sugars’ possible uses extends to the food, pharmaceutical, and other industries. The review highlights the growing importance of rare sugars in applications related to health, stressing both their biological properties and possible medicinal uses. Issues including low yields, storage stability, and regulatory
issues are examined, providing a thorough picture of the state of affairs at the moment. Biotechnological understanding of rare sugars’ possible uses extends to the food, pharmaceutical, and other industries.