Electric Vehicles: Driving the Transition to Sustainable and Low-Carbon Transportation Systems

Electric vehicles (EVs) represent a transformative technology in achieving sustainable and low-carbon transportation systems worldwide. This chapter examines the critical role of EVs in decarbonizing the transport sector, which accounts for approximately 24% of global CO2 emissions (Smith & Johnson, 2023). Through comprehensive analysis of emission reductions, technological advancements, infrastructure development, and policy frameworks,
this work demonstrates how EVs contribute to climate change
mitigation. The chapter explores battery technology evolution, charging infrastructure requirements, and renewable energy integration while addressing challenges including grid capacity constraints and raw material sustainability. Evidence indicates that widespread EV adoption, coupled with clean energy sources, can reduce transportation emissions by 60-70% (Chen et al., 2024), making EVs indispensable for achieving global climate targets and creating resilient urban mobility systems.