IN VITRO ANTI-DIABETIC POTENTIAL VIA ENZYME INHIBITION ASSAYS, AND IN VIVO ANTI-HYPERGLYCEMIC EFFECTS OF THE HYDRO-ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OFBombaxceiba FLOWERS IN A STREPTOZOTOCIN (STZ)-INDUCED DIABETIC RAT MODEL

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic condition that is marked by elevated blood sugar levels that are caused by impaired insulin secretion, action, or both. Diabetes mellitus patients have elevated blood sugar levels. The illness known as diabetes mellitus is quite common. There is a possibility that a combination of genetic and environmental variables could be the source of disruptions in the metabolism of glucose, lipids, and proteins. These disturbances have the potential to lead to a variety of consequences, including cardiovascular disease, neuropathy, retinopathy, and kidney damage. The existence of bioactive components in traditional medicinal herbs, such as Bombax ceiba, has led to research into the possibility that these plants could be used to treat diabetes. Phenolics, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins are some of the substances that fall within this category. An examination into the anti-diabetic activities of Bombax ceiba flower ethanolic extract was carried out in rats that had been given streptozotocin to induce diabetes over a period of 21 days. The experiments were conducted in rats that had been given the drug. The presence of hypoglycemic compounds, some of which include alkaloids and phenolic molecules, was demonstrated by the utilisation of phytochemical analysis. The presence of these substances has the potential to bring about an increase in insulin activity or secretion. This increase in fasting glucose levels was reversed after treatment with the extract, suggesting efficacy that is comparable to that of conventional anti-diabetic drugs. After induction, a significant increase in fasting glucose levels was documented. Furthermore, after 21 days of treatment, the levels of oxidative stress, which were high in diabetic rats, were dropped to levels that were comparable to those of the control group. This was a significant improvement. Taking into consideration the available evidence, it would appear that the flower extract of Bombax ceiba possesses powerful anti-diabetic and antioxidant properties. These properties have the ability to lessen the likelihood of potential complications that are connected with diabetes.