An overview: Analytical method development and validation of citicoline and nimodipine

Citicoline is one type of nootropic. It is used to treat neurological conditions such as brain stroke, trauma,
parkinson's disease and brain insufficiency. By selectively inhibiting L-type calcium channels found in the
cerebral blood vessel smooth muscle cells, imidapine functions as a calcium channel blocker. Many
chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques, including UV, GC plasma samples by LC-MS, UPLC, HPTLC,
stability-indicating HPLC and HPLC, have been extensively used for citicoline. The review covers the
optimization of chromatographic conditions, such as detection techniques, mobile phase composition, and
column selection. The review explores the variety of analytical methods applied to nimodipine, including
capillary electrophoresis (CE), ultraviolet spectroscopy, liquid chromatography (LC) and gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS). The review also looks at new developments in hyphenated techniques for
measuring citicoline and nimodipine simultaneously in complex biological samples. Examples of these
techniques are GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) and LC-MS (liquid chromatography-mass
spectrometry). There is a discussion of the benefits and drawbacks of these methods, providing insights into
how well they work in clinical and pharmaceutical research. The overall goal of this review is to provide
researchers and analysts working on the creation and verification of analytical techniques for nimodipine
and citicoline with a thorough reference. The insights provided herein contribute to the advancement of
analytical methodologies, ensuring the accurate and reliable quantification of these compounds in various
matrices, thereby facilitating their pharmacokinetic studies and therapeutic monitoring.