A novel Approach for optimizing the crop yield by considering climatic and soil features through fusion of Machine Learning and Deep Learning algorithms

The agricultural sector is the scientific and artistic cultivation of plants and animals. Agriculture has an important role in India’s economy, which covers a significant 60.45% of the country’s land and stands as the world’s second-largest agricultural sector, driving economic growth through its diverse produce and associated industries. Soil composition really matters for growing stuff. Elements like Nitrogen, Phosphorous, & Potassium play a big role. The way you rotate crops, soil moisture, and even temperature all affect how well things grow. Rainfall is important too. Research has shown that using machine learning can help figure out the best crops to grow. They utilize methods that include Random Forest (RF), Decision Tree (DT), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for this. The study also looks into deep learning methods to make the model even better. In addition to predicting crop yields, it also provides detailed information on the required amounts of soil elements and their associated costs. The new model offers superior precision compared to the current one. The system examines the provided data and assists farmers in forecasting a crop, which subsequently aids in achieving financial gains. The prediction of a suitable yield takes into account the meteorological and soil parameters of the area. This Python-based system utilizes advanced algorithms to optimize decision-making, forecasting the most lucrative outcomes in various situations while streamlining costs and boosting productivity. The study employs Support Vector Machines (SVM) as an example of Machine Learning (ML) method, while Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) are used as Deep Learning (DL) techniques.