3D-Printed Polyurethane Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering: Techniques and Emerging Applications

The primary purpose of this review article is to provide a comprehensive analysis of polyurethane (PU)-based 3D-printed scaffolds for bone tissue engineering (BTE). It aims to highlight the unique properties of PU, such as its mechanical strength and biocompatibility, that make it suitable for scaffold fabrication. The review examines different 3D printing techniques, assessing their compatibility with PU and their impact on scaffold properties. Additionally, it explores the potential applications of PU-based scaffolds in BTE, including customizable implants and drug delivery. The article also addresses current market trends, challenges, and future research directions to facilitate the clinical translation of PU-based scaffolds.