Exploring the Antimicrobial and Wound-Healing Potential of Mimosa pudica

The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant wound pathogens has intensified the search for safe, effective, and plant-based therapeutic alternatives. Mimosa pudica
(sensitive plant), a medicinal herb renowned in traditional medicine, possesses a rich repertoire of bioactive phytochemicals with promising antimicrobial and wound-healing properties. This study evaluated the phytochemical composition, antimicrobial efficacy, and in vitro wound-healing potential of ethanolic Mimosa pudica extract against major wound associated bacterial pathogens. Fresh plant material was shade-dried, powdered, and extracted by cold maceration using ethanol. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, saponins, and terpenoids. The extract was further characterized using UV–Visible spectroscopy, FTIR, HPLC, and GC–MS to identify its bioactive constituents. Antibacterial activity was
assessed against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using agar well diffusion assays at different extract concentrations. The ethanolic extract
demonstrated concentration-dependent antibacterial activity, with the highest inhibition observed at 100% concentration, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus. The abundance of phenolic and flavonoid compounds suggests their contribution to the observed antimicrobial and antioxidant effects, which are closely associated with tissue repair and wound regeneration. Spectroscopic analyses further supported the presence of functional groups and phytochemicals linked to therapeutic activity. Overall, the findings highlight Mimosa pudica as a promising natural source of antimicrobial and wound-healing agents with potential applications in the development of eco-friendly phytopharmaceuticals and advanced wound-care formulations. Further in vivo investigations and clinical validation are warranted to establish its efficacy and safety for therapeutic use.