Unsteady ferro-nanofluid flow with variable concentration over an inclined riga plate under MHD, radiation, chemical reaction, and bioconvection embedded in a porous medium

This paper presents an exact analytical investigation of unsteady variable concentration ferro-nano
fluid flow past an inclined plate under the combined effects of thermal and solutal buoyancy, magnetic
field interaction and bioconvection due to motile microorganisms. The governing system of equation
accounts for Lorentz forces arising from an exponentially decaying magnetic field, porous medium
resistance, thermal radiating and chemical reaction effects. Closed form solutions for the velocity,
temperature, concentration and microorganism density distributions are obtained using the Laplace
transform technique. The results elucidate the coupled influence of buoyancy forces, magnetization and
bioconvective mechanisms on ferro-nanofluid transport characteristics. The outcomes provide useful
insights for the design and optimization of magnetohydrodynamics and bio-thermal systems involving
ferro-nanofluids