Development and validation of clinical prediction models for treatment resistance and coronary complications

Kawasaki disease is an acute systemic vasculitis affecting medium and small blood vessels in children, characterized by prolonged fever and mucocutaneous inflammation. It poses a risk of serious cardiovascular complications, especially coronary artery aneurysms. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent lasting heart damage. Its exact cause is unknown but may involve immune dysregulation and infectious triggers.Diagnosis is clinical, based on prolonged fever lasting more than five days with signs including rash, conjunctival injection, cervical lymphadenopathy, and mucocutaneous changes. Diagnostic confirmation involves blood tests showing inflammatory markers and echocardiography to evaluate cardiac status. Early treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and high-dose aspirin is standard.Timely administration of IVIG and aspirin reduces inflammation and risk of coronary artery complications. Despite advances, the etiology remains unclear, with autoimmune and infectious triggers suspected. Untreated cases risk life-threatening coronary aneurysms and myocardial damage.Prompt diagnosis and treatment significantly improve outcomes, underscoring the importance of vigilance in pediatric care. Long-term cardiovascular monitoring is essential. Kawasaki disease remains a leading cause of acquired heart disease in children and is actively researched to better understand its pathogenesis and optimize management.