Therapeutic Approaches in NSCLC: Navigating Side Effects and Outcomes

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) stands as a predominant and complex malignancy, constituting approximately 85% of all lung cancer diagnoses. The etiology of NSCLC is multifactorial, with tobacco use emerging as the primary risk factor, while air pollution and radon exposure also significantly contribute to its development.
The therapeutic landscape for NSCLC has undergone a paradigm shift with the advent of targeted therapies, facilitated by advancements in genetic and biomarker testing. These innovations have enabled the identification of specific mutations, thereby informing personalized treatment strategies tailored to individual patient profiles. This chapter aims to elucidate the current state of NSCLC management, with a particular focus on multimodal treatment approaches for locally advanced disease. It will also explore the role of innovative surgical techniques and contemporary pharmacological interventions in the context of early-stage NSCLC.This chapter aims to provide a nuanced understanding of the current therapeutic options and future directions in NSCLC management.