Satellite Collision Risk Analysis System using TLE-Based Orbital Visualization

The increasing population of operational satellites and space debris in Earth orbit has significantly raised the risk of in-orbit collisions, threatening critical space infrastructure. This project presents a Satellite Collision Risk Analysis System using TLE-Based Orbital Visualization, designed to predict close approaches between satellites and orbital debris. The system utilizes publicly available Two-Line Element (TLE) data to propagate satellite and debris orbits over a user- defined time period. By computing relative distances between objects, the system identifies potential conjunction events and determines key parameters such as time of closest approach (TCA) and miss distance. A graphical user interface developed in MATLAB allows users to select satellite and debris TLE files, define analysis duration and threshold distance, and visualize distance-versus-time plots for risk assessment. Additionally, a 3D orbital visualization module provides an intuitive representation of satellite and debris trajectories around Earth, enhancing situational awareness. The proposed system offers a practical and efficient tool for preliminary collision risk assessment and contributes to improved space situational awareness and satellite safety