Secure IoT-Based Smart Home Automation System with Multi-Sensor Integration and Real-Time Monitoring

Smart home automation systems have become the need of the hour to develop safer, energy-efficient, and usersensitive dwelling environments. This paper discusses a robust IoT-based smart home automation system comprising multiple
sensors, including a gas sensor, a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, an ultrasonic water level sensor, an LDR-based
light controller, and a facial recognition module for door access automation. It is powered by an ESP32 microcontroller,
enabling sensors and actuators to communicate directly over Wi-Fi. The temperature sensor maintains comfort by automatically
controlling ventilation, while the gas sensor enhances domestic security through flammable gas detection and alarming.
Lighting is optimised by modulating light intensity based on illumination levels, reducing wasted power. Water levels in the
tanks are continuously measured by ultrasonic sensors, with automatic pumping to prevent shortages and overflows. This is
complemented by a face recognition module that provides access control by allowing only authorised persons based on realtime image processing. The entire set of sensor readings is gathered and transmitted via an IoT interface to facilitate remote
monitoring and manual override via mobile applications. The converged system features a single, smart platform that
emphasises maximum convenience, security, and sustainability.