Cryptography and Network Security Essentials

The science and art of protecting data and communication using codes, algorithms, and protocols is known as cryptography. To ensure that only authorised parties may access the original material, it converts readable data (Plaintext) into an unreadable format (Ciphertext).
Protecting data against unwanted access, alteration, or interception while maintaining confidentiality, integrity, validity, and non-repudiation is the main objective of cryptography. Meaning of Cryptography The Greek terms kryptos (hidden) and graphe in (writing) are the origin of the word cryptography, which translates to "hidden writing."
Fundamentally, cryptography is the development of techniques for information encoding and decoding that guarantee the security of private
information while it is being sent or stored.
Key Elements of Cryptography
➢ The original, readable data or message is known as plaintext.
➢ Ciphertext: The plaintext that has been encrypted and then decoded.
➢ Using algorithms and keys, encryption transforms plaintext into
ciphertext.
➢ Using a key to transform ciphertext back into plaintext is known as
decryption.
➢ A key is a secret value that is used to safeguard data during
encryption and decryption procedures.