Artificial Intelligence & Data Protection in Constitutional Framework

India’s Constitution, now living through roughly three-quarters of a century of
democratic practice, has repeatedly demonstrated that “successful adoption” is
not measured only by the survival of a text, but by the capacity of constitutional
values to discipline new forms of power. In the twenty-first century, artificial
intelligence (AI) has emerged as precisely such a form: a governing
infrastructure capable of classifying persons, predicting behaviour, distributing
welfare, detecting fraud, moderating speech, and shaping public attention at a
scale unknown to earlier administrative eras. The constitutional problem is not
that machines “decide,” but that decision-making is increasingly routed through
socio-technical systems that are opaque, probabilistic, and often insulated from
ordinary mechanisms of reason-giving and accountabilit