A STUDY ON TRAFFIC RULE VIOLATIONS AND ENFORCEMENT CHALLENGES IN INDIA

Road transport is the backbone of India’s mobility system, carrying over 90% of passenger traffic and a significant share of freight movement. However, rapid urbanization, increasing vehicle density, and inadequate road discipline have led to a rise in traffic rule violations across
the country. These violations contribute significantly to road accidents, fatalities, environmental degradation, and congestion. India records one of the highest numbers of road accidents globally. According to government data, over 1.5 lakh deaths occur annually due to road accidents, with a major proportion attributed to human error and traffic violations.¹ Despite the introduction of stricter laws and
penalties, enforcement remains inconsistent. Traffic regulation is not merely an administrative function but a legal obligation aimed at ensuring public safety and order. The enforcement of traffic rules involves coordination between legal frameworks, administrative machinery, and behavioural compliance by road users. This study examines the legal framework governing traffic regulation in India, patterns of violations, causes of non-compliance, and enforcement challenges faced by authorities. It also suggests reforms to improve road safety and compliance culture.