Integrative Analysis Of Tumor Genomics and Host Pharmacogenomics to Improve Therapeutic Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer

Abstract
Treatments for colorectal cancer are not the same for all patients due to the variation in every person's genes and tumor biology. Standard chemotherapy may be beneficial for one patient while it may be detrimental or not effective for another. Understanding how genes influence drug response pharmacogenomics is an important part of developing personalized therapy for colorectal cancer.Evidence that contains genetic markers can provide valuable information; for instance, KRAS and NRAS mutations predict resistance to anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies, and DPYD variants identify patients at risk of serious toxicity from fluoropyrimidines. Similarity, BRAF mutations serves as crucial targets for targeted therapy. The ability to detect changes in DNA within a colorectal tumor has evolved with the advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) with complex bioinformatics to detect such alterations quickly and accurately, thereby enabling oncologists to make more individualized treatment decision. All of this allows for a more effective therapeutic result, while preventing drug exposure to excess drug levels, and lessening treatment side effects, which ultimately leads to better patient quality of life. For all of these reasons, pharmacogenomics will change how we treat colorectal cancer as we begin to further integrate precision medicine intc the clinic. Going forward, it is likely that integrating even more new biomarkers, liquid biopsy platforms, and AI-based predictive tools will improve personalization of treatment decision making in colorectal cancer.
Key Words: Pharmacogenomics, Colorectal cancer, personalized therapy, KRAS, NRAS.