“A Critical Analysis of Right to Data Privacy Under Article 21 Special Reference to Justice K.S Puttaswamy Case”

The concept of privacy has evolved significantly with the
advancement of technology and the increasing digitization of
personal information. In modern democratic societies, the right to
privacy is considered an essential component of individual liberty
and dignity. In India, the Constitution did not explicitly recognize the
right to privacy as a fundamental right in its original framework.
However, through judicial interpretation, particularly under Article
21 which guarantees the right to life and personal liberty, the scope
of privacy has been gradually expanded. The landmark judgment in
the Justice K.S. Puttaswamy case marked a turning point by explicitly
recognizing the right to privacy as a fundamental right. This
development has had profound implications for data protection,
surveillance, and informational autonomy in India.