DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF LOW-COST LDR BASED TARGET TRACKING SYSTEM

As we advance technologically, real-time
target tracking has become a critical function
in domains such as aviation, surveillance, and
robotics. Conventional approaches, including
radar and vision-based systems, provide high
accuracy but are often associated with
significant cost, computational complexity, and
power consumption. All of this limits their
applicability in low-cost and small-scale
implementations.
This paper presents to you presents the design
and development of a cost-effective, sensorbased
target tracking system using Light
Dependent Resistors (LDRs), an Arduino Uno
microcontroller, ultrasonic sensing, and servobased
actuation. The system employs a
quadrant arrangement of LDR sensors to detect
directional variations in light intensity emitted
or reflected by a moving target. By computing
differential light intensity across sensor pairs,
the system determines the relative position of
the target in both horizontal and vertical axes.
The proposed system demonstrates real-time
tracking capability with satisfactory response
time and stability under controlled lighting
conditions.