Comparative Analysis of Baggage Handling Systems: Data Collection and Automation at Delhi and Singapore Airports

Efficient baggage handling systems (BHS)
are essential for modern airport operations,
directly affecting passenger satisfaction and
operational performance. This study presents a
comparative analysis of BHS at Indira Gandhi
International Airport (DEL) and Singapore
Changi Airport (SIN), focusing on data
collection technologies, automation
infrastructure, and operational efficiency. A
mixed-method approach is employed,
combining quantitative performance data with
qualitative system evaluation.
The analysis of 2025 operational data indicates
that DEL operates a semi-automated system
utilizing barcode scanning (70%) and limited
RFID integration (30%), whereas SIN employs
a fully automated system incorporating RFID
(50%), automation technologies (40%), and
barcode systems (10%). Performance
comparison shows that SIN achieves a lower
baggage mishandling rate of 2.5 per 1000
passengers and faster delivery times of 15–20
minutes, while DEL records 5.1 mishandled
bags per 1000 passengers with delivery times of
20–30 minutes.
The results highlight that higher levels of
automation, advanced tracking technologies,
and integrated system design significantly
improve operational efficiency. This study
identifies key technological gaps in DEL’s
system and proposes targeted recommendations
to enhance performance and align with
international standards.