Design and Implementation of a GSM-Based Siren and Light Alert System for Agriculture and Disaster-Prone Regions

The proposed GSM-based remote control and alert system is designed with a dual purpose: to
protect agricultural crops from animal intrusion and to provide timely warnings in hill station
regions that are prone to animal crossings, heavy rainfall, floods, and landslides. The
methodology begins with the integration of a GSM SIM800L module with a microcontroller
such as Arduino or ESP32, which serves as the core processing unit. The system is further
connected to external devices like siren speakers, buzzers, and high-intensity flashing lights,
which act as deterrents for animals and as warning signals for people in vulnerable regions.
When a farmer or a local resident initiates a phone call or missed call to the SIM card inserted
into the GSM module,