ANTIBIOTIC USE IN PREGNANCY AND LACTATION- REVIEW ARTICLE

Abstract
This study aims to evaluate antibiotic utilization patterns in pregnant and lactating women
and to assess their impact on maternal and fetal health outcomes. This study will incorporate
both quantitative and qualitative data analysis derived from clinical databases, prescription
records, and structured interviews with healthcare providers as well as pregnant and lactating
women. In addition, the study seeks to classify commonly prescribed antibiotics according to
their safety profiles and trimester-specific risks, and to evaluate adherence to established
clinical guidelines. It will also assess factors influencing prescribing practices, including
physician knowledge, patient awareness, and healthcare accessibility. Furthermore, this
research will examine the short- and long-term maternal and neonatal outcomes associated
with antibiotic exposure, including potential adverse drug reactions, antimicrobial resistance
patterns, and effects on neonatal microbiota. Special attention will be given to identifying
high-risk drug categories and inappropriate prescriptions. The findings are expected to
support the development of evidence-based strategies to optimize antibiotic prescribing
during pregnancy and lactation, thereby improving maternal and fetal health outcomes and
promoting rational drug use.
Keywords: Antibiotic utilization, pregnancy and lactation, maternal and fetal outcomes,
prescribing practices, antimicrobial resistance