Phytochemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Bioactive Compounds from Different Parts of Euphorbia hirta Linn

Medicinal plants have played a crucial role in traditional healthcare
systems across the world. Among them, Euphorbia hirta Linn a
member of the family Euphorbiaceae, has gained significant attention
due to its wide range of therapeutic applications. The plant is widely
distributed in tropical and subtropical regions and is traditionally
used to treat various ailments including asthma, gastrointestinal
disorders, skin infections, and inflammatory diseases. Phytochemical
investigations have revealed that different parts of Euphorbia hirta,
such as leaves, stems, roots, flowers, and latex, contain numerous
bioactive compounds including flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins,
phenolic acids, terpenoids, and glycosides. These phytoconstituents
are responsible for various pharmacological activities such as
antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic,
antimalarial, and anticancer effects. The present chapter provides a
comprehensive overview of the phytochemical composition and
pharmacological properties of different parts of Euphorbia hirta, highlighting its potential as a valuable medicinal plant for the
development of novel therapeutic agents