A STUDY ON HUMAN ORGAN TRAFFICKING AS A VIOLATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS, LEGAL AND ETHICAL IMPLICATIONS

Human organ trafficking has emerged as one of the most alarming and disturbing forms of transnational organized crime in the modern world, posing serious challenges to legal systems, healthcare frameworks, and ethical standards across nations. It involves the illegal removal, trade, and transplantation of human organs, often carried out through complex networks that exploit vulnerable individuals who are coerced, deceived, or driven by extreme poverty and desperation. The phenomenon represents a convergence of criminal activity, human rights violations, and medical malpractice, making it a multidimensional issue that requires urgent attention at both national and international levels. In recent decades, rapid advancements in medical science, particularly in the field of organ transplantation, have significantly increased the demand for organs such as kidneys, livers, hearts, and lungs. While these advancements have saved countless lives, they have also inadvertently contributed to the growth of illegal organ markets, as the demand for organs far exceeds the supply available through legal and ethical channels.