Fenchone attenuates CD68-dependent 7-ketocholesterol accumulation, cholesterol dyshomeostasis and inflammatory responses via modulation of macrophage polarization

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Sangeetha, Radhakrishnan and Livya Catherene, M and Manikandan, Kumaresan and Jaya Suriya, M and Beulaja, M and Manikandan, R (2025) Fenchone attenuates CD68-dependent 7-ketocholesterol accumulation, cholesterol dyshomeostasis and inflammatory responses via modulation of macrophage polarization. Inflammopharmacology, 33 (8). pp. 4807-4824. ISSN Electronic ISSN: 1568-5608. Print ISSN: 0925-4692

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Abstract

Background
Foam cell formation, driven by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) uptake, particularly 7-ketocholesterol (7KCh), is a pivotal event in lipid-associated inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis. Conventional therapies often yield side effects, prompting interest in plant-derived biomolecules. Fenchone, a monoterpene from Foeniculum vulgare, has recently garnered attention for its anti-inflammatory and anti-lipidemic potential.
Purpose
This study elucidates the pharmacologic efficacy of fenchone in mitigating foam cell formation by modulating cholesterol homeostasis, inflammatory signaling and polarization in macrophages.
Methods
Murine IC-21 macrophages were induced with 7KCh and co-treated with fenchone. Cell viability was assessed using alamar blue assay, while lipid and calcium accumulation were analyzed with oil red O and alizarin red S staining. Pinocytosis, phagocytosis and …

Item Type: Article
Subjects: Biochemistry > Immunology
Biochemistry > Molecular Biology
Biochemistry > Cell Biology
Domains: Biochemistry
Depositing User: Mr IR Admin
Date Deposited: 23 May 2026 07:00
Last Modified: 27 Aug 2026 09:28
URI: https://ir.vistas.ac.in/id/eprint/17492

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