Nanocarrier-Based Targeted Drug Delivery Systems for the Management and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality
worldwide,necessitating advanced therapeutic strategies for effective management. Conventional drug
delivery systems often suffer from poor bioavailability, non-specific distribution, and systemicside
effects. Nanocarriers have emerged as a promising approach to overcome these limitations by
enabling targeted and controlled drug delivery. These nanoscale systems, including liposomes,
polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, solid lipid nanoparticles, and nano emulsions,enhance drug
solubility, stability, and therapeutic efficacy. Nanocarriers can be engineered to selectively target
diseased tissues such as atherosclerotic plaques, improving drug accumulation at the site of action
while minimizing off-target effects. Additionally, they offer controlled and sustained drug release,
reducing dosing frequency and improving patient compliance. Surface modification of nanocarriers
with ligands further enhances specificity and cellular uptake. Despite significant advancements,
challenges such as toxicity, large-scale production, and regulatory approval remain. Overall,
nanocarriers represent a transformative strategy in cardiovascular pharmacotherapy, offering
improved clinical outcomes and paving the way for personalized medicine.