Workship Practices of the Ancient Tamizhar in Sangam Literature

Abstract

Sangam Literature represents one of the earliest and most significant literary traditions of the Tamil language. These works provide valuable insights into the lifestyle, social organization, religious beliefs, and ritual practices of the ancient Tamil people. The early Tamizhar lived in close harmony with nature and considered natural elements such as mountains, trees, seas, and rivers as sacred manifestations worthy of worship. In addition, they followed the custom of commemorating fallen heroes by erecting hero stones (Nadukal) and performing ritual worship in their honour. Through the study of Sangam texts, it is possible to understand the diverse forms of worship practiced by the ancient Tamizhar, including devotion to natural forces, village deities, and major gods. This study examines the various worship traditions reflected in Sangam literature with relevant literary evidence and attempts to highlight the spiritual outlook and religious consciousness of the early Tamil society.

Keywords: Sangam Literature, Religion, Workship, Ancient Tamizhar