Phytochemical Profiling and Antioxidant Potential of Solvent Extracts from Leaves and Flowers of Jasminum multiflorum and Jasminum nitidum

The present study investigated the phytochemical composition and antioxidant potential of Jasminum multiflorum and Jasminum nitidum leaves and flowers using different solvent extraction systems. Sequential extraction was carried out with methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and aqueous solvents to evaluate solvent-dependent variation in bioactive constituents. Qualitative phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, sterols, terpenoids, and cardiac glycosides in most extracts, whereas saponins and phlobatannins were not detected. Quantitative analysis indicated significant variation (p < 0.001) among solvents and plant species. The ethanolic leaf extract of J. nitidum recorded the highest total phenolic content (41.26 ± 0.78 mg GAE g⁻¹), while J. multiflorum showed 33.10 ± 1.25 mg GAE g⁻¹. Similarly, flavonoid content was higher in J. multiflorum (27.14 ± 0.65 mg QE g⁻¹) and J. nitidum (26.82 ± 0.58 mg QE g⁻¹). Antioxidant assays revealed that ethanolic extracts exhibited superior activity, with lower EC₅₀ values in DPPH radical scavenging (48.73 ± 0.93 µg mL⁻¹ for J. nitidum and 138.45 ± 1.37 µg mL⁻¹ for J. multiflorum) and higher ferric reducing power (610.12 ± 2.74 and 468.33 ± 2.56 µmol Fe²⁺ g⁻¹, respectively). Statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA followed by DMRT confirmed significant effects (p < 0.001) of solvent and species on phytochemical and antioxidant parameters. The findings indicate that ethanol is an efficient solvent for extracting antioxidant-rich phytoconstituents from Jasminum species, suggesting their potential application in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical formulations.