Recent advances in corrosion behaviour and interfacial failure of rubber–metal composites

Rubber-MetalCompositeareextensivelyusedinautomotive,aerospaceandoffshoreindustryaswell asintheindustryduetoitsflexibility,damping,andmechanicalstrength.Theirworkishoweverlimited regularly through failure between interfaces and corrosion in highly aggressive conditions such as exposureto saline, thermal cycling, and mechanical fatigue. The review highlights recent advances in the study of corrosion behavior and interfacial degradation mechanisms of rubber-metal systems, as well as the effects of different formulations, vulcanization processes, surface modification, and filler engineering on adhesion, fatigue, and wear resistance. The new tendencies reflect a shift away from descriptive observation and toward mechanism-based insights, which are aided by the use of multiscale modeling and real-time sensing to forecast crack initiation and interfacial delamination. New corrosion mitigation technologies are being reinterpreted in sustainable directions such as bio-based f illers, recycled rubber, and circular material design, with the goal of generating greener, moredurable solutions. This review integrates experimental and computational insights to map the pathways to improved interfacial dependability, environmental resilience, and next-generation performance of rubber-metal composites.