Modelling and Analysis of a Compact Quad‐Band Monopole MIMO Antenna With Improved Isolation and High Gain for 5G and Wi‐Fi 6 Systems

Modelling and Analysis of a Compact Quad‐Band Monopole MIMO Antenna With Improved Isolation and High Gain for 5G and Wi‐Fi 6 Systems Koduri Sreelakshmi Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering GMR Institute of Technology (GMRIT)‐Deemed to be University Rajam Andhra Pradesh India Gottapu Sasibhushana Rao Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Andhra University College of Engineering (A) Visakhapatnam Andhra Pradesh India Nalineekumari Arasavali Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Gayatri Vidya Parishad College of Engineering (A) Visakhapatnam Andhra Pradesh India Tanvir Islam Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston Houston Texas USA https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0292-6900 Abeer D. Algarni Department of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh Saudi Arabia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7199-5082 Nagandla Prasad Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering GMR Institute of Technology (GMRIT)‐Deemed to be University Rajam Andhra Pradesh India Sudipta Das Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering IMPS College of Engineering and Technology Malda West Bengal India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4555-7438 ABSTRACT

This proposed research demonstrates a quad‐band compact MIMO antenna with excellent gain and enhanced isolation, specifically designed for 5G and Wi‐Fi 6 wireless network applications. The radiating element has three different monopole structures: a flipped G ‐shape, an angled U ‐shape, and an inverted L ‐shape. The proposed MIMO antenna is quite small, only 25 × 48 × 1.6 mm 3 . To improve isolation, a simple rectangular patch element has been inserted between two separated partial ground planes. The suggested MIMO antenna has fractional bandwidths of 18.47%, 5.56%, 20.83%, and 8.07% at 1.86, 2.33, 3.54, and 5.64 GHz, respectively. Isolation remains better than −20 dB across all working bands. The highest isolation is −54.27 dB at 5.64 GHz. The measured results show stable radiation in all directions in the H ‐plane and a nearly bi‐directional pattern in the E ‐plane. The peak gain is 7.74 dBi at 5.64 GHz. The antenna shows good diversity, with an ECC of less than 0.003, a MEG difference of less than 3 dB, a DG of more than 9.995 dB, a TARC of less than −10 dB, and a CCL of less than 0.4 bits/s/Hz. The proposed antenna achieved quad‐band operation with high gain while maintaining effective isolation using a simple compact rectangular patch, thereby avoiding the need for complex decoupling networks, reducing design/manufacturing burden, and ensuring excellent MIMO metrics with a compact geometry. Consistent results from simulations and measurements validate the antenna's viability for use in sub‐6 GHz NR 5G and Wi‐Fi 6 networks.
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